Joining a new master node to a Kubernetes cluster after the initial certs aren't in the config map any more (via kubeadm)

Upload the certificates to the config map and get the key hash.
kubeadm init phase upload-certs --upload-certs
Output should look like:
[upload-certs] Storing the certificates in Secret "kubeadm-certs" in the "kube-system" Namespace
[upload-certs] Using certificate key:
<hash>
kubeadm token create --print-join-command
The output will be like this:
kubeadm join <cluster_ip>:6443 --token <token_id> --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:<hash>
Take that output and add the following parameters.
--control-plane --certificate-key <Hash from Step 1>
If you are running Kuberentes 1.24 or just not using Docker you may need to add a command to use your CRI. This is for containerd:
--cri-socket unix:///run/containerd/containerd.sock